Quantum computing is the control and observation of quantum particles. Researchers have newly discovered two different ways to place an electron in a nano-sized device on a silicon chip. A quantum computer processor is made up of several quantum bits bundled together. An artificial atom or a quantum dot is a localized single electron that is not attached to an atom. The quantum dot made it easier to introduce the single atom in a silicon disk.
The quantum computer’s power is generated by the electrons spin. The spin can point in one of two directions, imitating the one’s and zero’s in today’s computer system. Electrons also have the ability to stay in a specific spin position, allowing energy to be created, by the electrons.
This break through is the basis of more complex things to come. For example, researchers are working on trying to control the electron’s quantum state for observational reasons.
http://www.unsw.edu.au/news/pad/articles/2010/jan/quantum_computing.html
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